Managing Bowel Symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease

Studies show that more than 85% of people experience constipation in Parkinson’s Disease, often even before motor symptoms appear. Bowel symptoms like constipation and fecal incontinence can significantly impact quality of life, but there are effective ways to manage them.

In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore why bowel symptoms are common in Parkinson’s disease, highlight practical management tips, and reveal why simple tools and pelvic floor exercises can make a difference.

Understanding Bowel Symptoms in Parkinson’s

Constipation and Slow Transit

In Parkinson’s disease, the movement of the colon, known as peristalsis, often slows down, leading to a condition called slow transit constipation. This sluggish colon movement can result in significant discomfort, affecting up to 85% of patients, though only 40% openly report it.

Pelvic Floor Dysfunction

Parkinson’s can also affect the pelvic floor muscles, causing them to remain tense rather than relaxed during bowel movements. This added tension leads to “outlet constipation”, further compounding the issues of slow transit in the colon.

Diet and Constipation Management

Dietary adjustments are key in managing bowel symptoms, especially with Parkinson’s. While fiber-rich foods are beneficial, it’s crucial to pair them with plenty of water to avoid worsening constipation in Parkinson’s Disease.

1. Add Fiber Wisely: Gradually incorporate more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. 20-35 grams (average diet is only 15 grams)

2. Stay Hydrated: Drink enough water each day, as dehydration can exacerbate constipation in Parkinson’s Disease.

3. Limit Dairy: For those who find dairy hard to digest, reducing or eliminating it may provide relief.

Squatty Potty Benefits: Improving Toilet Posture

Our typical toilet posture can create unnecessary strain on the rectum, making it harder to eliminate waste. The Squatty Potty helps by elevating your knees above your hips, straightening the rectum for a smoother flow.

Research has shown that using this posture can significantly reduce constipation in Parkinson’s Disease symptoms, and many people swear by it for improved bowel movements.

PRO TIP: If you don’t have a Squatty Potty, a simple footstool can work, too. This posture change can make bathroom visits easier and more effective.

Pelvic Floor Dysfunction and How to Manage It

Pelvic Floor Dysfunction (PFD) is a condition where the muscles in the pelvic floor are weak, tight, or uncoordinated, leading to symptoms like incontinence, constipation, and pelvic pain.

Often caused by factors like childbirth, surgery, or aging, PFD can be managed with treatments such as physical therapy, biofeedback, and targeted exercises.

Pelvic floor dysfunction can make it challenging to relax the muscles needed for bowel movements, often leading to constipation in Parkinson’s Disease or even leakage. Some tips to help with this include:

Pelvic Floor Exercises

Pelvic floor exercises (similar to Kegel exercises) can help strengthen these muscles, making bowel movements easier and reducing facal incontinence. A physical therapist specializing in Parkinson’s can provide guidance for these exercises.

Breathing Techniques

Diaphragmatic breathing can help to engage and relax pelvic floor muscles naturally. Practice by inhaling deeply, allowing your abdomen to expand, and exhaling slowly to promote relaxation during bowel movements.

Colon Massage

A self-massage routine can stimulate the bowels without the need for laxatives. Lie down, apply moderate pressure, and move your hand in a clockwise circle starting from the right side of your abdomen. This can be done daily, ideally in the morning.

Cardiovascular Exercise and Routine Activity

Regular movement, like a daily walk, can significantly enhance bowel motility. Exercise naturally stimulates peristalsis, the rhythmic contractions of the bowels - helping to reduce bloating and constipation in Parkinson’s Disease, and supporting the body’s natural waste elimination process.

Here are some examples:

These exercises are activities that get your heart rate up, improve cardiovascular health, and increase endurance.

You see, exercise can be very effective in managing constipation in Parkinson’s Disease, tailored to each person’s abilities and comfort level, helping improve bowel health in a way that aligns with overall Parkinson’s management goals.

So if you want to start managing your constipation, being consistent with your exercises is one of the best ways to go.

Now, if you’re newly diagnosed or finding it hard to stay consistent with home routines, joining a local gym or Parkinson’s community could be a great step. These resources provide valuable support, accountability, and interaction, helping you stay motivated.

For those in the Orange County, California area, you can check out our in-person classes here at Rogue Physical Therapy and Wellness.

However, if staying at home is your only option right now, you can still connect with others by signing up for live PD exercise sessions online.

You can check our interactive online classes that bring the same supportive environment to you, wherever you are!

Natural Supplements and Remedies

Here are a few natural options to consider for supporting digestive health, but always check with your doctor to ensure they’re safe and suitable for you:

Aloe Vera

Often recognized for its soothing properties, aloe vera may also provide gentle laxative effects. It’s traditionally used to aid in digestive health by supporting regular bowel movements and promoting a healthy gut environment.

Magnesium

This essential mineral plays a crucial role in muscle relaxation, including the smooth muscles in the digestive tract. By helping to relax these muscles, magnesium may support more regular bowel movements and alleviate occasional constipation in Parkinson’s Disease.

MSM (Methylsulfonylmethane)

MSM is commonly recommended for those looking to reduce inflammation in the gut. It helps digestive discomfort by reducing irritation within the digestive system, potentially supporting improved gut health and function.

When to Seek Medical Guidance

For ongoing constipation in Parkinson’s Disease issues or if you experience bloating that doesn’t respond to these techniques, consult with a healthcare provider. Small intestinal Bacteria Overgrowth (SIBO) or other underlying conditions can sometimes be the cause and may require medical testing or interventions.

Conclusion: Simple Steps for Better Digestive Health

Bowel health in Parkinson’s may be challenging, but with a few adjustments - such as using a Squatty Potty, focusing on pelvic floor relaxation, and trying gentle supplements - you can improve your digestive experience.

Start with a few tips that feel manageable for you, and remember that small steps can lead to significant improvement.

If you want to learn more, click the video below to watch the lecture from Dr. Nicole Cozean.